Sexual orientation and the Environment Essay Example for Free

Sexual orientation and the Environment Essay Psychology in everyday life second edition is a great book with lots of great information. But I find myself disagreeing with you on chapter four Environment and Sexual Orientation. I think that environmental factors have a lot to do with sexual orientation. You asked four questions: is homosexuality linked with problems in a child’s relationship with parents, does homosexuality involve a fear or hatred of people of the other gender, is sexual origination linked with levels of sex hormones, and as children were many homosexuals victimized? I think that all of those things including your environment can be a deciding factor in your sexual orientation. Sexual orientation is an enduring sexual attraction towards members of either our own or other sex. I think your environment plays one of the biggest roles in your sexual ordination because your environment influences the thing that you do. As a child you’re very young and impressionable it’s just like monkey see, monkey do. Our parents affect our relationships because our parents are the first relationship we see and as a child everything we see our parents do we mimic. There for If we grow up around a same sex relationship and you are used to seeing that in your everyday situation that is what you are use to and you may feel like that’s the way you want to live your life. So from what you saw as a child made you choose to be in a same sex relationship. I also think that the kind of relationships that you have with your parents also affects our sexuality. The relationship with your parents is one of the most influence relationships that you have in your life so it can very much have a positive or a negative effect on you. For example you growing up having a bad relationship with your dad may leave the impression that all men are dogs. That may cause you to drift away from the opposite sex. A male could have a horrible relationship with his mother leaving a bad impression of woman causing him to have ell feelings towards women because he never experienced a good relationship with his mom. I think there are a lot of different factors in some one big attracted to the same sex. Also someone being victimize as a child can cause them to be homosexual I don’t think that is the cause for every on but I do think it played a factor in some peoples lifestyle choice. Would that be the cause for everyone no not at all but it would be for some. Like genetic influences for example, shared sexual orientation is higher among identical twins than among fraternal twins. There are also brain differences for example gay men’s hypothalamus reacts as do straight women’s to the smell of sex-related hormones. Also the mother’s immune system may play a role in the development of sexual orientation. Another interesting fact is that men who have older brothers are somewhat more likely to be gay about one third more likely for each additional older brother. Altered prenatal hormones exposure may lead to homosexuality in humans and other animals. Also right handed men with several older biological brothers are more likely to be gay, possibly due to a maternal immune system reaction. Homosexuality does appear to run in families homosexual men have more homosexual relatives on their mother’s side than on their father’s as you can see yes there are a lot of different things that can go into someone becoming gay. But my opinion that I think your environment plays the biggest role as it does for anyone else. Your environment shapes and moles you as a person. It might not be the deciding factor to what makes you gay, but I think it plays a big role. In the situation . So based on these findings I would have to disagree with you I very much do believe that your environment plays a huge role in your sexual orientation. I would like to think you for your time, and I think that chapter four has brought some very good insight and I have learned a lot. You made some very valet point’s thank you again for your insight.

Children, Television, and Violence Essay -- Children Effect Violence M

Children, Television, and Violence TV violence may influence children more than most people are aware of. The amount of violence on TV is an important topic in today's society. One of the reasons it should be so important to all of us is because almost everyone in America today has a television set, and because of it's availability, children are viewing disturbing images everyday from the comfort of their own homes. Television is all about ratings. To keep the viewers from changing the channel, networks will try to do anything. Even the news is displaying more bloody details than people need to see. If there isn ¡Ã‚ ¯t a murder, rape, or shoot-out on the news, people are let down. They may get bored with the broadcast and change the channel. That is the main reason why kids can be exposed to view acts of violence even while watching a comedy. By putting violence into the equation, networks become more confident that you are not going to change the channel. The networks don ¡Ã‚ ¯t give a damn about the affects it m ay have on the children watching, just as long as the ratings are high and the money keeps rolling in. The network broadcasters need to decrease the violence because it often confuses children, and as we all know children are visual learners. This may cause young kids sometimes blur things with the real world that they see on TV. It helps makes this happen by shaping an altered reality. Children do not seem to have a full grasp of the real world and the situations it m...

The Four Ps of Creativity

An Analyse of a Significant Creative and Innovative Thinker in Terms of the Four Ps A concept labelled as the ‘Four Ps’ has been used to help understand the influential factors around creative beings and how these factors influence their final creative products. According to Mel Rhodes in his book An Analysis of Creativity (1961) these Four Ps; person, place, process and product are the underlying factors of creativity itself. By understanding how the 4 Ps work we are able to venturing into the life of a creative thinker and conduct and analysis of there creativity. In this case we will look at a German media artist, Tom Tykwer who has constructed a variety of unique films due to his high level of creativity. This creativity has been shaped by the Four Ps or in other words, his individual characteristics, the environment he is surrounded by and the particular processes he under took in order to create his productions. In this analysis we will begin with the first P, Person. The personal attributes of someone influences ideas and how these ideas are produced into being. Determination, imagination and curiosity are all personal attributes found in a creative artist (Sternberg 1988). Born in 1965 (The Auteurs 2010), Tom Tykwer always had a strong passion for filmmaking, making his first films at the age of eleven. His friends where unfortunately vaguely interested in his products (Haase 2007) yet this did not stop him from creating. After High School Tykwer failed to receive a place in almost all of the film schools in Europe (Haase 2007) though his determination to make films did not allow this fall back to prevent him from achieve his ambitions. Tykwer merely created his own film studio in which he could create at his own accord. The act reflects Tykwer’s ability to think of alternative situations which is a highly regarded creative personality trait (Sternberg 1988). When Tykwer was a child the first film he viewed was Peter Pan (Haase 2007). The possibility of a parallel world struck Tykwer as fascinating and became his first inspiration in film making. Peter Pan sparked an imaginative streak in Tykwer which entranced him for almost 30 years. His imagination is what defines his earlier films, such as Lola Rennt and True, two movies which expanded the realms of reality through innovative techniques and unique narrative structure. In regards to curiosity every single one of Tykwer’s movies, short and long, reflect a high level of experimentation and risks to portray his own personal feelings and willingness to manipulate media to create magnificent effects. Another key feature about Tykwer is that he calls upon varies types of film genres. He claimed, ‘I like everything that speaks to me loudly, and that gives me a vision. I don’t care about the genre’ (Tom Tykwer 2010a). This is reflected in all his productions as he uses a mixture of crime and thrill (_Perfume_) romance (_Truth__)_ and action (_The International) _ to portray his ideas. His desire to not stick to just one style of film demonstrates a large amount of curiosity and desire to experiment with ideas and cinematic styles. Tykwer demonstrated a high level of curiosity for film at an early age, something along with imagination and determination is an essential aspect to creativity. The second P, place, also has a profound impact on creativity. Place includes the environment which a person is surrounded by and the influence this has upon someone’s creative ability. The German director was brought up surrounded by a modern and artistic culture. The fall of the Berlin wall in 1990 was a significant cultural movement in Germany (The Guardian 2010), further enhancing modernisation, innovation and artistic products which expressed revolution and a movement to new approaches to life. Berlin was fuming with a large variety of artistic expression inspired by the strong political change. Movement such as feminism became popular, something which is reflected in Tykwer’s film with the constant use of a female main character. For example, Deadly Maria 1993, Winter Sleeper 1997 and Run Lola Run 1999. Working as a projectionist at a Berlin Art Cinema Movement, allowed him to be continually exposed to a variety of artistic films (Tykwer 2010a). Here Tykwer met the first person that was too help him develop his film career, an independent film maker in the late eighties called Rosa von Praunheim (Cowie 2010a). This man strongly influenced Tykwer’s approach to film making and Tykwer’s first film displayed many of the stylistic and thematic trademarks that his other movies now contain. It was after this that Tykwer created his own film company, X Filme (Tykwer 2010b) and was able to keep his own artistic licence. Many directors who allow funding from more mainstream production companies tend to lose artistic licence. Artistic licence is simply the amount of say the director has within the creation of their film. Tykwer felt strongly about keeping his films very personal giving him the label of an Auteur (Clarke 2006). The belief that directors should have complete artistic control is what separates him from other directors/filmmakers. Tykwer created what he wanted too, not what others did. This promoted his creativity immensely as his imagination is able to run wild. Environment is known to change throughout someone’s life constantly. A brief overview of artist Brice Marden in Imagination First: Unlocking the Power of Possibility by authors Eric Liu and Scott Noppe-Brandon (2009) reflects the importance of how specific surroundings affect creativity. Marden was a minimalist painter (Liu and Noppe-Brandon 2009) with a very distinctive technique. This technique was modified greatly when the artist decided to travel through Asia. He picked up specific cultural techniques which he saw to be fascinating and from then on allowed them to define his works of art. In relation to Tom Tykwer, Germany was his first cultural influence upon his productions allowing his products to reflect the strong cultural movement at the time. In the last few years, Tykwer has developed a more American approach to film making, something which can be reflected in his latest movie The International as he is surrounded by a strong American influence. Tykwer has removed himself from his independent film company, X-Filme, and has allowed more commercial industries to take hold of him. The International and _Perfume: A Story of a Murderer _separated themselves from Tykwer’s other films as their narratives are linear and contain a more acceptable style of cinematic photograph and realism. This shows that the director has lost a part of his own artistic licence as he has teamed up with Commercial film producers (Internet Date Base 2010a; Internet Data Base 2010b). Here we can see how the surrounding environment of someone can both excel or hinder creative ability. The third P, Process is the particular actions taken in order for a creative product to come to life. In media this has a very practical sense and is to do with the measures taken to overcome obstacles that restrict a creative thought coming to life. Process consists mostly of the production and post-production phases of media, such as filming and editing. Independent films, due to their lack of popularity are given less money compared to mass-produced films. For example, the limited budget of Run Lola Run influenced its editing, the way in which it was filmed and how it was filmed. Tykwer received a budget of only $2 million (Cowie 2010b). In comparison the Blockbuster The Dark Knight had an estimated budget of $185 million (Whitaker 2010). Special effects such as CGI are used in the Blockbuster in large quantities as well as High Definition film and hundreds of extras. In Lola the case was different and alternative techniques where required in order to overcome the budget restrictions. The lack of money permitted Tykwer to only 200 extras. This created difficulties particularly during the first two minutes of the movie. The title ‘_Lola Rennt’ _is spelt out by extras, each letter being filmed separately then contrasted together in post-production. ) In Matthew May’s In Pursuit of Elegance (May 2009) he talks about the innovative creation of Ronnie Stuiver , who designed a water pump with a merry-go-round which is ‘powered by play’ (May 2009, 173) in order to entertain the children of South Africa as they watch their mothers retain water from the water hole. May uses Stuiver as an examp le to explain that we can overcome specific obstacles in our surroundings if we can observe and are determined (May 2009, 174). Like Tykwer, Stuiver expands his ideas and overcomes restrictions (May 2009, 174). In South Africa, villagers would have to wait for the wind in order for their pumps to work, Stuiver created an alternative which not only overcame the problem, but also entertained. This ability to overcome specific obstacles yet still up hold a level of entertainment for an audience is essential in movie making. Tykwer over looks his budget and manages to create exceptional alternatives in order for his productions to come to life, reflecting his amazing creativity. As stated in Cropley’s Fostering Creativity, ‘Creativity involves systematic and purposeful thinking not blind generation of novelty. (Cropely 2009, 68) Finally the fourth P, product. Product involves the final outcome and result of each creative production (Scritchfield 1999). There are three main characteristics in regards to product, these being ‘novelty, resolution and synthesis’ (Besemer and O’Quin 1987). Novelty being the uniqueness of the product, resolution includes the products response to the challenge it was created for and synthesis includes whether the product is used for something other than what it was created for (Scritchfield 1999). In regards to novelty (Scritchfield 1999), all of Tykwer’s productions have been made with innovative techniques and styles to reflect both person and place. His films have captured audience around the world due to their originality. When if comes to resolution, Tykwer’s films where created to express his own ideas and thoughts about the surrounding world. The ability to work in his own film studio for the majority of his films has permitted this task to be very successful. Lastly, synthesis applies strongly to all of Tykwer’s products. Each has an added value of entertainment and an ability to promote curiosity due to their avant-garde feel. The Four P’s are closely intertwined, each influencing each other incredibly, operating simultaneously. Person, place and process all determine the outcome of a creative product in any area of expertise. In regards to media art, as demonstrated by Tom Tykwer’s analysis, it is the personality of a director, their environment and processes which influence their techniques and ideas reflected within their production. In conclusion, creativity is not something that is simply just there. It is influenced by a series of surrounding factors which determine why, what and how something is created. The Four P’s are an excellent way to determine what creativity is and how it is developed. REFERENCE LIST Besemer S. P and O’Quin, K. 1987. Creative product analysis: Testing a model by developing a judging instrument. In Frontiers of Creativity research: Beyond the basic_s, ed. _S. G. Isaksen. 341-379. Buffalo: Bearly Limited. Clarke, David. 2006. Tom Tykwer as an Auteur. Gfl_ Journal. _3: 7. http://www. gfl-journal. de/3-2006/clarke. df (accessed 14/5/10) Cowie, Peter. 2010a. Because_ (short film). _Tom Tykwer. http://www. tomtykwer. com/Filmography/Because-short-film (accessed 23/4/10) Cowie, Peter. 2010b. Run Lola Run. _ _Tom Tykwer http://www. tomtykwer. com/Filmography/Run-Lola-Run (accessed 23/4/10) Cropley, Arthur and David Cropley, 2009. Fostering Creativity, 67-77. NJ: Hampton Press. Reprinted in Creativity and Innovation Reader (FDN101)2010. Murdoch: Mu rdoch University. Haase, Christine. Bambi, Zombie, Gandhi. In When Keimat meets Hollywood: German Filmmakers and America 1985-2005. 63. USA: Camden House. Internet Movie Data Base. 2010a. The_ International. _http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0963178/ (accessed 12/5/10) Internet Movie Data Base. 2010b. _Perfume: A Story of a Murder. http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0396171/ . __ _(accessed 12/5/10) Liu, Eric, and Noppe-Brandon, Scott. 2009. Imagination First: Unlocking the Power of Possibility. 177-179. San Francisco: John Wiley and Sons. May, Matthew. 2009. _In Pursuit of Elegance. 172-175. NY: Broadway Books. Reprinted in Creativity and Innovation Reader (FDN101)2010. Murdoch: Murdoch University. Rhodes, Mel. 1961. An Analysis of Creativity. Phi Delta Kappan. 42. 305-310 Scritchfield, Michael Lee. 1999. _The Creative Person, Product, Process and Press: The 4P's. _. The International Center for Studies in Creativity. http://www. buffalostate. edu/orgs/cbir/readingroom/html/Scritchfield-99 . html (accessed 6/5/10) Sternberg, R. ed. 1988. The Nature of _Creativity. _434. New York: Cambridge University Press. Reprinted in Creativity and Innovation Reader (FDN101)2010. Murdoch: Murdoch University. The Auteurs. 2010. Tom Tykwer. http://www. theauteurs. om/cast_members/1013 (accessed 11/4/10) The Guardian. 2010_ _. Fall of the Berlin Wall: 20th anniversary celebrations. http://www. guardian. co. uk/world/blog/2009/nov/09/berlin-wall-anniversary-celebrations (accessed 14/5/10) Tykwer, Tom. 2010a. Biography. _ _Tom Tykwer. http://www. tomtykwer. com/Biography . (accessed 13/5/10) Tykwer, Tom. 2010b. _Music. Tom Tykwer. _http://www. tomtykwer. com/Music . (accessed 14/5/10) Whitaker, Bill . 2010. Filming the â€Å"Dark Knight†. _ _CBS News. http://www. cbsnews. com/stories/2008/07/13/sunday/main4256384. shtml (Accessed: 28/4/10)

Stoicism In Marcus Aureliuss Meditations - 889 Words

An Ideal World (An analysis of the use of stoicism in Marcus Aureliuss, â€Å"Meditations†) Stoicism is defined in Greek school of Philosophy as teaching that â€Å"virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge, and that the wise live in harmony with divine reason that governs nature, and are indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune and to pleasure and pain.† (Oxford). Virtue is a trait sought after by many in today’s society. It is also a trait that millions upon millions of people choose to ignore. It all depends on what is important or unimportant to that particular person. To have virtue is an honor, and something that one cannot give to another. Those that are wise know that virtue, or justice, is an essential characteristic to have in†¦show more content†¦Naturally, horrible and crude things might happen to certain people. These things should be expected and even anticipated. Nonetheless, the world goes about in its own way, and men must reciprocate this natu ral idea. Men are more than capable of knowing the difference between an action that is just and one that is unjust. Individual freedom and control is also given very much emphasis in regards to stoicism in Marcus Aurelius’s, â€Å"Meditations†. This idea is self-explanatory; men have control over themselves and have the power to direct their thoughts and views. â€Å"You have power over your mind - not outside events. Realize this, and you will find strength.† (Meditations). As men are able to control their own thoughts, they can start focusing in on things that truly matter. They can focus on more virtuous things. Philosophers have learned to control their minds and see truths that others in the world are hidden from. If these philosophers can find a way to share this information with as many people as possible, then they will have achieved their ultimate goal. These philosophers are usually the ones to be leaders of a nation. They are chosen to lead because of their understanding of how to help everybody live together in harmony and unity. As strong philosophers develop stur dy governments, it is difficult not to see how these fundamental principles are so foundational for success. Marcus Aurelius is spot on in stating thatShow MoreRelated Marcus Aurelius Essay832 Words   |  4 Pages Marcus Aurelius was born on April 20, 121 AD into a family of royalty. His uncle and adoptive father, Antoninus Pius, was the emperor of Rome. Aurelius, too, was trained from birth to be a great ruler like his father. At age eleven, he dedicated himself to religion, although he considered philosophy to be the quot;true, inwardquot; religion, one which did not require ceremonies necessary in others. He was appointed by Emperor Hadrian to priesthood in 129. The Emperor also supervised his educationRead MoreExploration of the Political Structure of the Roman Empire4418 Words   |  18 PagesRome, came the slightly modern ideas that pertain to cynicism and stoicism. One of the most famous of the Stoics was Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (See Picture 4)[12]. His whole politic al system was dictated by the Stoic way of life as he was in favor of the human being devoid of all emotions, where things like envy, fear, etc were all thought to have come out of false judgments of the human minds. The focus of much of Aurelius’s philosophy had to do with the ethics that were involved in the Stoic

From 1789 to 1799, Who Posed the More Dangerous Threats to...

Between 1789 and 1799, France went through one of the most dramatic events of modern European History: the French Revolution. The French population went through economic chaos, a dictatorship, and a civil war as well as other dramatic changes. During these years, the French decided to speak up for themselves and they became enemies of the French revolution. Internal enemies included the King, Louis XVI, Monarchists and Royalists and the Churches that were run by refractory priests. External threats were caused by aristocrats who had fled the Revolution; more specifically known as â€Å"à ©migrà ©s†, Austria and Prussia. The latter were the more dangerous threats to the Revolution. Émigrà ©s were typically traditional military leaders, so they had†¦show more content†¦They also promised an invasion of France on his behalf. Even though the Girondin leader, Brissot, wanted Louis XVI to remain in power, he felt threatened by The Declaration of Pillnitz and declared war on Austria. This further imperilled Louis, especially when Prussia joined Austria’s allies shortly afterwards. France was unprepared for the war and fled. This left the country vulnerable to counterattack. However, Austria and Prussia were not always huge threats as there were distractions from time to time: one of them being the invasion of Poland. Internal enemies of the French Revolution included Louis XVI as well as his wife, Marie Antoinette. Louis kept a supportive front toward the Revolution yet he remained in contact with Austria (like his Austrian wife), Prussia and Sweden asking for help to restore the Monarchy. When Louis tried to escape with his family and failed, the population began losing faith in their King, something that previously was not the case as he was rather popular. He was returned to Paris as a prisoner and reluctantly agreed to the Civil Constitution. The fact that Louis also greatly opposed the Rights of Man also led to his growing unpopularity. On top of that, the Sans-Culottes contributed to the French revolution a great deal. However, they believed they did not receive the respect they deserved and started to rebel in theShow MoreRelatedFrom 1789 to 1799, Who Posed the More Dangerous Threats to the French Revolution: Its External Enemies or Its Internal Enemies?891 Words   |  4 PagesBetween 1789 and 1799, France went through one of the most dramatic events of modern European History: the French Revolution. The French population went through economic chaos, a dictatorship, and a civil war as well as other dramatic changes. During these years, the French decided to speak up for themselves and they became enemies of the French revolution. Internal enemies included the King, Louis XVI, Monarchists and Royalists and the Churches that were run by refractory priests. External threats

Relationship Between An Individual And The Person

Intro Boundaries give each person a sense of legitimate control in a relationship. Professional boundaries are the limits to the relationship of a worker and a person in their care which allow for a safe, therapeutic connection between the worker and that person (and their nominated partners, family and friends).All formal working relationships need rapport and trust to function well. This is particularly relevant to the relationship between an individual and the person/s who are employed to provide them with home care – carers or support workers. It is certainly important that the carer makes sure client’s feel at ease with approaching and relating to them – but it is equally important that the lines don’t become blurred. This relationship between an individual and their carer, should never come at the expense of maintaining clear professional boundaries. Successful and ethical working relationships are based on a clear understanding of what the carers role is – and just as importantly – what their role isn’t. The work is personal – but carers have to maintain professional boundaries. These boundaries protect the worker from burn out – AND protect the client from having a staff member encroaching on their private affairs Professional Behaviour Staff should never exhibit behaviour that is unprofessional. Unprofessional behaviour includes the subjects already mentioned here but may also include: Being late for shifts Asking you if they can leave a shift early or startShow MoreRelatedJob Satisfaction and Its Consequences1577 Words   |  7 PagesJOB SATISFACTION AND ITS CONSEQUENCES JOB SATISFACTION AND ABSENTEEISM WHY DOESN’T JOB SATISFACTION HAVE A STRONGER RELATIONSHIP WITH ABSENTEEISM? A person may attend work even when dissatisfied with her job because she cannot afford economically to miss work. 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Marketing Research on a Wig Store in Vienna free essay sample

This question will require us to answer more than one marketing question regarding this dilemma. Firstly, according to the current state of our research we do not have any specific knowledge/information regarding the demand for wigs in Vienna, Austria, amongst different groups of customers. Secondly, we do not have concrete knowledge regarding our possible competitors in the wig market. In addition to that, as of the current situation we do not have any specific targets for the prices we would like to charge for our wigs and the preferences of our main target group. . 2. Purpose of research project In China there is a manufacturer of wigs called ‘Sarah Wigs’, and we would like to be its distributors in Europe. Our first milestone is Vienna, Austria. We want to conduct an exploratory research first of all in order to know the potential growth of the wig business in Vienna, Austria and then in case we get positive results- we will be able to open up a chain of wig store al l over Europe and get profits from this business. Research Questions we will have to answer : †¢ †¢ †¢ How large scaled is market and demand for our product? Who are our potential customers? How large is demand on our product in Vienna? How can we find out there age, gender, respect of income and their willingness to pay for our product? 8 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ What are the prices we should be charging for our wigs? Will it be profitable for us? What are the main types of wigs preferred by Jewish religious women living in Austria? How should our service look like? What could be the potential demand for wigs in the future? Who are our competitors in a given market and how can we predict the level of sales we should expect over the next five years? 9 3. Research design and methodology 3. 1. Secondary research Before conducting primary research we needed to conduct secondary research. We divided secondary research into three parts. First we would gather information from the internet (from blogs, web-sites, discussions) and try to analyze general priorities, characteristics and values of Kosher wigs’ consumers who are married orthodox Jewish women. We knew it would be a great challenge to find out precise and accurate information about the demand and uses amongst married orthodox Jewish women who are also Viennese residents from the worldwide web, but still we knew that the information even if not 100% accurate and even though not going into much detail would be helpful for us to see what the demand for kosher wigs in Vienna is. We needed to have enough knowledge about kosher wigs’ consumers as well as about the rules and obligations according to the Jewish Halakha law. We found out that the Halakha law is the same for every married Orthodox Jewish woman, no matter of her place of residence, to cover one’s hair after getting married. Only after finding out some general information we would narrow our research and specifically focus on consumer behavior in kosher wigs’ market in Vienna. We would like to gather information from already existing wig companies located in Vienna. However, once again because the field of research is very narrow we had to research a lot and at the same time be very specific and accurate on what our research target was. For this reason we decided to contact Jon Renau an international wig company located in Vienna which provides kosher wigs/Sheitel with Kosher certification under the Bedatz Hecksher from the Bais Din of Rabbi Gross in Eretz Yisroel. Our third step would be to conduct an experimental research in a given wig company and observe the natural consumer behavior during natural circumstances. Our main research 10 question was to find out the current demand for kosher wigs in Vienna, Austria at present. We also wanted to find out the characteristics of the most desired and purchased wigs (paying a close attention to quality, length, and type amongst other things). We further wanted to find out what is the average price consumers are willing to pay for kosher wigs. The main advantage of this kind of secondary research was that we would be able to gain reliable data from an already existing company and we would be able to use this data figures to plan for the future when it comes to our company. First as planned we gathered information from internet web-sites and blogs about Kosher wigs. We wanted first to find out what is the primary concern for a married orthodox Jewish woman wearing a wig. As we found out the main concern for consumers is to have the certified proof that the wigs are manufactured under rabbinic supervision according to Halakha law and that the wigs do not contain any Indian hair in them. We also wanted to find out the general attitude of a married orthodox Jewish woman towards wigs and correspondingly her willingness to pay for it. As we found out Jewish women don’t find wigs as a luxury but as a requirement and obligation required by the Jewish religion. For this reason Jewish women don’t find wigs as a luxury but as a pure obligation and requirement to properly observe their religion. For this reason their average willingness to pay for natural wigs is high and on average ranges from 900-1200 Euros. After secondary research would be gathered from the internet we decided to conduct secondary research from real businesses, from an already experienced wig company located in Vienna which specifically focuses on providing kosher wigs to married orthodox Jewish women living in Vienna. Taking into consideration all these facts we chose the Jon Renau company. Jon Renau is a family owned business that has become an international leading manufacturer of wigs, hairpieces, hair additions and hair extensions. We visited one of the 11 main representative offices of Jon Renau, which is located in Vienna. We contacted Andrew, the store manager, through his Rabbi- Rabbi Wolf and asked the following questions: 1. What percentages of your total sales are the sales of kosher wigs? Andrew told us the following: â€Å"When we were opening representative office in Vienna we thought that demand for specifically Kosher Wigs wouldn’t be high taking consideration the small population of Jewish married women in Vienna. However nowadays according to our analysis on average 200-300 wigs are sold monthly to people living in Vienna out of which up to 30 are Kosher wigs. On Average it’s 10 % of our income and considering the small population demand turns out to be high. † 2. What the mostly desired characteristics of the purchased wigs are? Andrew said that it is very hard to answer this question because even in this narrow field taste is very different. However, he said that 60% of women purchasing kosher wigs prefer European natural hair, and the favorite colors are black and brown. 3. What is the average price a married orthodox Jewish woman is willing to pay for a wig? According to their statistics on average women are willing to pay 800 Euros and more, depending on the type of hair used, length, color and where the wig was manufactured. 3. 2. Qualitative research focus group 3. 1. 1. General We conducted one focus group to collect our qualitative research data. There were eight women who attended and took part in the focus group. Our focus group was recorded and consisted of a number of open-ended questions. 3. 1. 1. 1. Group selection The selection of our members was based on the following criterion: 12 †¢ †¢ Gender, they all had to be women Age, we wanted to have a wide range of ages. Anything from 18 years old to 75 years old. †¢ †¢ †¢ Religion, they all had to be orthodox Jews City of residence, they all had to be Viennese residence English speakers, as we will conduct the focus group in English thus all participants have to speak English. 3. 1. 2. Place Due to a lack of budget, we had to be quite strict with our expenditure costs and thus decided to limit the cost expenditures for the conduction of the focus group to an amount of no more than â‚ ¬500. This meant that we could spend up to â‚ ¬200 on a place to hold the event of the focus group. Knowing that all the women who would attend the focus group would be married orthodox Jewish women, we had to choose a modest (not too fancy) place where we could provide kosher refreshments. Hence, we conducted the focus group in the Lauder Business School Mensa, where we provided light refreshments and soft drinks. 3. 1. 2. 1. Asked questions The majority of the questions asked were open-ended questions. This will allow our participants to voice their opinion and have discussions with us and the other members participating. We will be asking the following question during our focus group. 1. Tell us a little bit about yourself? 2. How many wigs do you own and how often do you wear them? 3. What is your preferred color of a wig? Why is it preferred? 4. What do you consider a good quality wig and what types of hair do you like for your wig? 13 5. Where do you usually purchase a wig, and why? 6. What is the average price you are paying for a wig and what influences your decision? 7. Will the fact that the company is donating 10% of its revenues to a charitable organization influence your purchasing decision? 8. Which wig from our samples did you like the most, and which the least. Explain why? 9. Will you consider buying a wig from us- ‘Sarah Wigs’ in the future, and if so how much would you pay for this. 3. 3. Sampling plan In the beginning of the project we faced a decision upon what sampling methods to use. We decided to use cluster sampling (probability samples) for our questionnaire and convenience sampling (nonprobability samples) for our focus group. Cluster sampling: this type of sampling first divides the targeted population into subpopulations. We took our Viennese Jewish population and divided it into three subpopulations where we were mostly likely to encounter orthodox Jewish married women. We divided our population into the following subpopulations: †¢ †¢ Jewish ethno groups according to synagogues Jewish schools in Vienna where mothers pick their children up Convenience sampling: this form of sampling obtains a sample from convenient elements. This means that participants are selected because they fit the criterion of those people who we seek to obtain information from. We used this form of sampling for our focus group and approached the women in places where we know they are most likely to be orthodox Jewish married women. 14 3. 4. Data collection instrument To answer the main questions we had in our project proposal plan we came up with a questionnaire and a list of questions for our focus group. These questions had to answer our four main questions from the proposal but even more so in further depth. Our four main questions in the project proposal were as follows: 1. Who are our potential customers? 2. What is the current demand for wigs in Vienna, Austria? 3. What are the prices we should be charging for our wigs? 4. What could be the potential demand for our wigs in the future? We conducted a questionnaire to answer these questions in more depth and detail. The purpose of the questionnaire was to answer the following questions: 1. Do you live in Vienna? This will answer our questions about roughly how many customer we will have in Vienna, as we will open our store in Vienna. 2. What is your age? This will be helpful for our general information about our potential customer. 3. Which ethno religious group do you belong to? This will answer our question about what ethno groups are residing in Vienna and if these ethno groups are the ones who pay much emphasis to the wig wearing Halakha law. . Which movement do you belong to? This will answer our question about what streams of Judaism do those potential customer who are residing in Vienna belong to and if these Jewish streams are the ones who pay much emphasis to the wig wearing Halakha law. 5. Have you ever used a wig? 15 6. Why not? These two questions above will allow us to see if this individual is a potent ial customer for us. 7. Do you own a wig? 8. Why not? These two questions above will allow us to know which individuals are potential clients and which are not. 9. How many wigs do you own? This will allow us to have a rough estimate of what the demand for wigs will be. 10. How often do you purchase a new wig? Here we will answer our question of what is the frequency in which these women purchase new wigs. 11. How often do you use wigs? Here we will be able to see who will be a more frequent customer and who will be an occasional customer, as a woman who will tell us that she uses her wig on a daily basis is one who is likely to purchase new wigs more frequently, whilst a woman who tells us that she rarely uses her wigs is one that is less likely to be a frequent potential customer of ours. 2. What color of wig do you prefer? This will answer our question regarding the preferences in the colors of wigs that our potential customers will have. We will be able to know what colors are most favorable amongst our potential customer group and thus assist us in knowing what products we should supply and more or less in what quantities. 13. What type of hair do you prefer? 16 Li kewise, this will answer our question regarding the preferences in the type of hair for the wigs that our potential customers will want. We will be able to know what hair type is most favorable amongst our potential customer group and thus assist us in knowing what hair type wigs we should supply and more or less in what quantities. 14. What types of wigs do you mostly own? This question will once more give us further in-depth regarding the preferences of the types and styles of wigs that our potential customers like the most and will assist us in knowing what wigs we should supply at our store, once opened. 15. What is an average price of your currently owned wigs? ( in â‚ ¬) This question will allow us to know the average price we should charge for our average wig. 6. What is your net family annual income( in â‚ ¬) This will further give us insight about the abilities of our potential customers. We will be able to see roughly what socioeconomic group we are dealing with and thus adjust the products we supply accordingly. 17. Where did you buy these wigs? This question will allow us to see who our main competit ors are which will allow us to further investigate and after investigation plan a means to provide our potential customers greater satisfaction than they currently get from our competitors. 18. Have you ever heard of our company? This question will allow us to see how many of the potential customers know about us and about the service we plan on providing. It will allow us to see how much marketing we need to do, where and to whom. 19. Where did you hear about it? 17 This will allow us to see in which places we are already known and in which places we are not yet known. 20. Will the fact that a company is donating tithe from every sold wig influence your purchasing decision? This question will answer a few matters of interest that we have in finding out. †¢ Firstly, it will give us further in-depth into how we need to conduct our marketing campaign. Secondly, it will allow us to promote ourselves to our potential customers and future potential customers by creating an image of our company, as a company who does charitable work and so on and so forth. 21. What would you expect from your new wig? This will answer our question of what are the main expectations our potential customers have from purchasing a wig and thus allow us to meet these criterions. The purpose of the focus group was to answer the following questions: 1. Tell us a little bit about yourself? Find out a bit more about our potential customers; get some more insight to their personal life, religious life, etc. Get insight into what ethno religious group do they belong, what religious stream do they fellow and so on and so forth. This will answer our question about what ethno groups are residing in Vienna and if these ethno groups are the ones who pay much emphasis to the wig wearing Halakha law. 2. How many wigs do you own and how often do you wear them? Here we will be able to see who will be a more frequent customer and who will be an occasional customer, as a woman who will tell us that she uses her wig on a daily basis is one who is likely to purchase new wigs more frequently, whilst a woman who tells us that 8 she rarely uses her wigs is one that is less likely to be a frequent potential customer of ours. (We acknowledge the fact that different ethno religious groups have different frequency usage, part of the time they may wear a wig and part of the time they may use headgears) With regards to the part of the question concerning the quantity of wigs they own, this will allow us to ha ve a rough estimate of what the demand for wigs will be. We will also be able to see the frequency in which these women purchase new wigs. 3. What is your preferred color of a wig? Why is it preferred? This will answer our question regarding the preferences in the colors of wigs that our potential customers have. We will also be able to generate information about underlying reasons of the preferences of our main target group. This will assist us in knowing what products we should supply and more or less in what quantities. 4. What do you consider to be a good quality wig and what types of hair do you like for your wig? This will allow us to have further insight regarding what quality are our potential customer looking for when purchasing their wigs. What criterion do our wigs need to meet in order for them to consider it to be a good quality wig. With regards to the second part of the question this will help us to understand the preferences in the type of hair mostly demanded. 5. Where do you purchase your wigs? Please specify the name of the store, the name of the website, the name of the magazine, or the name of the factory from where you order it, and why? This will give us information about who our main competitors are and what competitive advantages do they have. 10. What is the average price you are paying for a wig and what influences your decision? 19 This will give us insight about what are the prices our potential customers are willing to pay for a wig and thus will allow us to adjust our pricing accordingly. 6. Will the fact that the company is donating 10% of its revenues to a charitable organization influence your purchasing decision? This question will answer a few matters of interest that we have in finding out. †¢ Firstly, it will give us further in-depth into how we need to conduct our marketing campaign. Secondly, it will allow us to promote ourselves to our potential customers and future potential customers by creating an image of our company, as a company who does charitable work and so on and so forth. 7. Which wig did you like the most and which of the wigs did you like the least? Please, explain why. After providing the sample wigs to our focus group members, we will able to have a better understanding of the priorities our target group has. 8. Would you consider buying a wig from us (Sara’s Wigs) in the future and if so how much would you pay for this wig? This will show us how many potential customers we in actuality have. This will give us insight about what are the prices our potential customers are willing to pay for a wig and thus will allow us to adjust our pricing accordingly. The last two questions were presented to our participants after having shown the sample of our wigs. 3. 5. Experimental research The main purpose of our experimental research was to observe consumer behavior and find out if the kosher wig market business is profitable in Vienna. Thanks to the Jon Renau 20 Company and their extremely kind store manager, Andrew we were able to conduct this experiment for one month. Our experiment was of such a nature: †¢ For one month we observed consumer behavior with which we were able to answer following questions: ? On average how many kosher wigs are sold in a month? ? What are average monthly profits that the company makes? ? What wigs do customers like best? ? What wigs do customers like least? We observed that out of 280 wigs sold in a given month 27 were kosher wigs. The profits made from these 27 wigs amounted to 24,400 Euros. 8 wigs purchased were European manufactured ones, and most desired colors were black, brown and blond. Surprisingly to us the most desired length of wigs was short and customer ages ranged between 23-50 years old. This experiment was extremely advantageous to us as we were able to observe consumer behavior in a natural environment without any artificial questions to which people had to think and answer theoretically . 3. 6. Data collection and data entry In order to make more in-depth marketing research we had to do secondary research as well as primary research. Secondary research was divided in two parts. †¢ First we searched for general information and opinion about what are the main concerns and characteristics of Kosher wigs in Internet (from blogs and web-sites) †¢ Only after that we narrowed our research and focused on one specific company who sells kosher wigs in Vienna. After secondary research we conducted primary research and also divided it into two parts; qualitative and quantitative. We conducted focus groups where we used non- 21 representative (convenience sample). We specifically chose married Jewish orthodox women who would discuss their opinions and concerns and give us sufficient information to help us see what the demand for kosher wigs in Vienna, Austria is. In quantitative research we used cluster sampling. In our research we applied the following types of research methods: †¢ Secondary research ? Information gathering from already existing sources ? Experimental research †¢ Primary research ? Survey ? Focus Group 22 4. Data analysis and results 4. 1. Qualitative data analysis results †¢ Is there a demand for a new wig store in Vienna? According to our focus group we have seen that our main target group, Jewish religious women are greatly interested in a new wig distributor in Vienna. Due to the fact that covering one’s head in Jewish religion is both – a Torah commandment and a tradition, the percentage of women wearing wigs is very high among all Jewish religious women, namely Ashkenazi Jews and some Sephardic. For instance, after conducting a focus group we understood that a lot of different aged women are ready to purchase wigs for themselves and their daughters, cousins, and sisters , etc. and that there is a demand for a shop offering kosher certified wigs. However, the exceptional cases comprised low- class women, which thought our prices to be too high. Low-class women thought there is no need for a new wig distributor in Vienna, they didn’t like our price ranges and claimed that there are already stores offering wigs, and moreover it is much cheaper to order wigs online. Even after sug gesting that we would like our price to include 10% â€Å"mesuda†- donations to poor children and orphanages, they were not willing to pay â‚ ¬1200 for a wig, a price of wig charged by our suppliers, the company ‘Sarah Wigs’ in China. We explain it with two reasons. First of all, donations are obligatory in Jewish religion, and a person should anyways donate 10% of his income to charity, so there is no need for our suggestion to those people who are scarce of monetary resources. Secondly, religious life can be sometimes very expensive, including higher costs on kosher food, maintenance of a lot of children, costs on accommodation in the Jewish districts. Therefore, low-class families cannot afford purchasing a wig for this price. However after watching sample wigs we offered they agreed the quality to be 23 ood, and admitted they would like to receive such kind of a wig as a present. Since our target group is initially middle-class and wealthy women it would be a challenge assessing them. Surprisingly, we found out which kind of service our potential customers would like to experience. In order to understand the psychology of these women, we should look inside the traditions and rules of life according to which th ese people have been living almost for 6000 years. They are very modest and extremely conservative. While the conversation they complained about the lack of privacy in the wig stores. For instance, some of them consider showing their hair among other women as something of an immodest behavior. So one of their wishes was to have a private service in a wig store, where they could feel comfortable and try all the variety of wigs. However some of them didn’t have problems with trying out wigs in a common hall. General reception of our sample wigs was very good. Independently of the age, annual income and ethno religious group, they liked the quality of our wigs. They liked the type of hair used, how naturally they looked, and the way they are made, the material used inside. In conclusion, our focus group and the reaction to the samples provided indicate that there is a demand for a new wig distributor in Vienna, offering one-to-one service. †¢ What is the average age consumption in the market? And how much they are willing to pay? We described our main target group as Jewish religious women, but who is considered to be a woman in a Jewish religion. Is there any specific age when girls become women, and start covering their heads? After an extensive research conducted on our target group, we found out this is not about a specific age. For instance, a girl becomes a woman after getting married, and since she is married covering her head is obligatory. Therefore, the average age consumption for 24 our product is 18 82, as 18 is considered the allowed age to get married in Judaism (YAAKOV, 2006) and 82 is the average age of death among women in Austria (Pavlov, n. d. ). Due to this fact, women of different ages participated in our focus groups. We found out that the demand for our product didn’t depend on the age, but rather on the income and social level of the family of this woman. Our first focus group mostly consisted of women of a middle and high class, with annual income higher than â‚ ¬20,000. They were very surprised with the prices we offered for our wigs. When we showed them our sample wigs, they were willing to pay more than â‚ ¬1500. Our second group was quite intensive about pricing, and said their purchase decision depends highly on the purposes of their purchase. For instance, a lot of women have more than one wig. Purchasing a new wig for a special occasion, celebration or holiday is very popular. Therefore, they were ready to pay more for a holiday wig. A holiday wig is the one usually with a natural hair, handmade and preferably a long one. Moreover, the fact that we are going to donate 10% of each wig bought to charity was perceived very positively by women of middle and high class. In a nutshell, we understood that for all the women the price is mostly connected with the hair type we use in our wigs, whether it is handmade, and its readiness to be worn. Surprisingly, we found out interesting moment in a consumer behavior of our main target group. When a woman comes into a shop, she wants to see the final product, the wig ready-to-wear, which should be only adjusted with small details. †¢ Which preferences do our customers have mostly? We noticed two main preferences our target group has with regards to the length of the wig and also the type/quality of the wig. 25 Surprisingly it was the opposite of what we were expecting. We were sure that the younger generation would prefer somewhat fashionable and longer wigs than the older generation (that would rather prefer stricter and shorter wigs). However what we noticed was that the younger women prefer the strict and middle-length wig because they are going to be married or just have been married and they are still very excited about the idea of a wig, the meaning behind it (that a woman should show her real hair only to her husband because the hair is a very sensual thing). But the older women are more likely to purchase longer wigs with different haircuts because they would like to innovate with their style. For instance, they ate tired of the same image all their life. About the type and the quality of the wig almost every woman in our focus groups agreed that it should be handmade and only natural hair. The style of the wig they prefer was quite different, but women were opened for innovations. Mostly all women are accustomed to wearing a wig with a bang, for it seems to be more natural. But nowadays we are living in the 21st century, there are more innovations with every passing day- women are expecting their new wig to look natural without a bang. Moreover, part of the women was at first hesitating about Asian hair we use but after we gave them our sample wigs for a trial, they changed their opinions. In order to further create a positive image of our company, we need to think about some women- community events in which we will be able to demonstrate wigs to women who are still hesitating about the quality of the Asian hair. †¢ How our service should look like? According to our focus group we came to several conclusions with regards to the service we should provide to our customers. On the one hand, our main goal is to ensure that our shop doesn’t contradict to any Torah commandments, Jewish laws and traditions. The first and the most important thing for us would be to ensure that all wigs are kosher, that they don’t contain 26 Indian hair. Almost all women agreed that absence of kosher certificate on the wigs would influence their purchase decision greatly (they will not purchase it). The next thing would be to provide private room for women who do not feel comfortable trying wigs in the common hall. For instance, some of the women consider showing their natural hair even to other women immodest. Our staff members will also be only female, in order for all the women to feel convenient. On the other hand, our target group will not only be satisfied with a purchase of a good quality wig. They dont know how to treat their wigs in order for them to stay in the same shape they were bought. The women complained a lot about the Internet shopping, they felt being left alone after purchasing the wig. Therefore we are going to introduce the buy and stay concept. We will offer a ‘beauty salon’ service that will be specialized in taking care of wigs. ‘Sarah wigs’ will send one of their stylists that will be responsible for this specific service. Right after the women chose a wig from our variety, the stylist will adjust it to her head. Afterwards a woman will be able to bring her wig for a wash, restyling, or any other required procedure. Of course the prices for the women, which purchased our wigs will be significantly reduced. With the help of this salon we will make our customers feel more secure. They will know that we are nearby and ready to help with any problem that might occur. In addition we decided to provide a 3-5 years guaranty for our wigs (the number of years will depend on the precise wig). We want to do so because we see the scarcity of trust among our target group. 4. 2. Quantitative analysis and results With our data collection we gained answers to our research questions. The following information is the analysis of our questionnaire: 27 †¢ Question 1: With the collected data we identified the percentage of women who are living in Vienna. As it seen in Table 1 and Figure 1, 97% are living currently in Vienna, and 3% are not. Do you live in Vienna? Frequency Vienna Valid not in Vienna Total 243 7 250 Percent 97 3 100 Table 1: living in Vienna Figure 1: percentage of people who live in Vienna 28 †¢ Question 2 In the following graph you can see the distribution of the responders by age: 15-25 years11%, 26-35 years- 20%, 36-45 years- 33% (the majority), 46-55 years- 22%, 56-65 years7%, 65+ years- 5%. With this information we can determine our target group, to which we will address our products. What is your age? Frequency 15-25 26-35 36-45 Valid 46-55 56-65 55+ Total Missing Total System 28 50 81 54 18 12 243 7 250 Percent 11 20 32 22 7 5 97 3 100 Table 2: age of respondents Figure 2: age of respondents 29 †¢ Question 3: In this question we determined to which ethnicity group each respondent belongs. Ethnicity group determines the traditions, and after- the different moves in the Judaism, to which the religious women belong. For each ethnicity group there is different traditions regarding the usage of the wig. As seen in the table and the figure below, there is a large majority- 70% of Ashkenazi women, and 27% of Sephardic women. Which ethno religious group do you belong to? Frequency Ashkenazy Valid Sephardic Total Missing Total System 176 67 243 7 250 Percent 70 27 97 3 100 Table 3: the ethno religious groups of respondents Figure 3: the ethno religious groups of respondents 30 †¢ Question 4: In this question we found the breakdown of the different movements of Judaism regarding the women in Vienna. As seen in the table, there is a large majority of women that belong to the Chabad- 70%. Then, the Gur movement with only 8%, Lithaim- 6%, Reform- 5% and Others8%. Which movement do you belong to? Frequency Chabad Gur Valid Lithaim Reform Other Total Missing Total System 176 20 14 13 20 243 7 250 Percent 70 8 6 5 8 97 3 100 Table 4: To which movement the respondents belong Figure 4: To which movement the respondents belong 1 †¢ Question 5 Comparison of total number of wigs owned and age of respondents. In the following table we compared the two variables, age and number of total wigs owned. The majority of women between ages 26-55 own 3-5 wigs (age 26-35: 11%; age 36-45: 30%; 4655: 10%). How many wigs do you own? What is your age? Count What is your age? 15-25 1-2 How many wigs do you own? 3-5 5+ T otal 12% 0% 0% 12% 26-35 8% 11% 1% 21% 36-45 1% 30% 2% 33% 46-55 5% 10% 8% 32% 56-65 0% 0% 7% 7% 65+ 0% 0% 5% 5% 26% 51% 23% 100% Total Table 5: Comparison of age and number of total wigs owned Figure 5: Comparison of age and number of total wigs owned 32 †¢ Question 6 In the following question we compared the frequency of purchasing wigs and the net annual income in the family of the woman. 30% of women that have 20,000-29,000 euro annual income are purchasing a new wig once in 5 years (the majority of that segment), the majority of the group of 30,000- 39,000 euro income- 16%, is purchasing a new wig once in 2-5 years, and the majority of the group that has 40,000-49,000 euro income, as well as 50,000+ euro income purchases a new wig once a year (5% and 3%). How often do you purchase a new wig? What is your net family annual income( inâ‚ ¬) What is your net family annual income( inâ‚ ¬) less that 10,000 10,00019,000 20,000 29,000 once a year How often do you purchase a new wig? once in 2-5 years once in 5 years+ Total % of Total 1% 24% 42% 21% 9% 3% 100% % of Total 1% 18% 30% 4% 0% 0% 54% % of Total % of Total 0% 0% 0% 1% 5% 3% 9% 30,00039,000 40,00049,000 50,000+ Total 0% 6% 12% 16% 3% 0% 37% Table 6: Comparison of frequency of purchasing wigs and net annual income 33 Figure 6: Comparison of frequency of purchasing wigs and net annual income Question 7: †¢ In this table we measured the preference of wig colors. The majority of the women prefer black (39%) and brown colors (35%), 16% prefer blond wigs, and a small percent of 4% prefer grey hair, and 2% for red hair. What color of a wig do you prefer? Frequency black brown Valid blond red grey Total Missing Total System 98 87 41 6 11 243 7 250 Percent 39 35 16 2 4 97 3 100 Table 7: Preference of wig color 34 Figure 7: Preference of wig color †¢ Question 8: In this question we measured the percentage of respondents that prefer Asian or European hair. The majority (61%) prefers Asian hair, when 36% prefers European hair. Which type of hair do you prefer? Frequency Asian Valid European Total Missing Total System 153 90 243 7 250 Percent 61 36 97 3 100 Table 8: Which hair type do you prefer? 35 Figure 8: Which hair type do you prefer? †¢ Question 9: Here we determined the percentage of respondents that prefers factory made wigs or handmade wigs. The majority (62%) prefers handmade wigs, when 35% prefers factory made wigs. What types of wigs do you mostly own? Frequency handmade Valid factory made Total Missing Total System 155 88 243 7 250 Percent 62 35 97 3 100 Table 9: Preferable type of wig 36 Figure 9: Preferable type of wig †¢ Question 10: This table illustrates the preferable price of the everyday wig for the respondents. As seen, the majority of women are buying the wig for 401-600 euro (60%), 22% prefer to buy their wig for 250-400 euro, the small number of 6%, will pay 601-1500 euro, and 8% will pay 1501+. Average price of an everyday wig Frequency 250-400 401-600 Valid 601-1500 1501+ Total Missing Total System 56 151 16 20 243 7 250 Percent 22 60 6 8 97 3 100 Table 10: average price of everyday wig 37 Figure 10: average price of everyday wig †¢ Question 11: This table illustrates the preferable price of the holiday wig for the respondents. As seen in the table, the majority will pay 1001-2000 euro per one holiday wig (70%), 17% will pay 600-1000 eur0, and only 11% will pay 2001+ euro per wig. Average price of a holiday wig Frequency 600-1000 Valid 1001-2000 2001+ Total Missing Total System 42 174 27 243 7 250 Percent 17 70 11 97 3 100 Table 11: Average price of holiday wig 38 Figure 11: Average price of holiday wig †¢ Question 12: This table illustrates where the majority of the respondents buy their wigs. There is almost equal deviation between the 3 stores (32%- Magic hair team; 38%- Michaela Nagler; 27%- Stupnig Keg), and only 1% are buying in E-shops. Where did you buy these wigs? Frequency Magic hair team Michaela Nagler Valid Stupnig Keg E-shop Total Missing Total System 80 94 67 2 243 7 250 Percent 32 38 27 1 97 3 100 Table 12: place of wig purchase 39 Figure 12: place of wig purchase †¢ Question 13: This table illustrates the amount of respondents that heard about our wig store. The majority, however, never heard about us (65%). Have you ever heard of our company? Frequency yes Valid no Total Missing Total System 81 162 243 7 250 Percent 32 65 97 3 100 Table 13: have you ever heard about our company? 40 Figure 13: have you ever heard about our company? †¢ Question 14: In the following table, we analyzed the percentage of respondents that heard about our company, and from where they heard about us. The majority heard about us from word of mouth (56%), 49% heard about us from Jewish websites, and only 42% heard about us from Facebook. Heard Frequencies Responses N heard from facebook where did you hear about us a Percent of Cases 42% 56% 49% 146% Percent 30 40 35 105 29% 38% 33% 100% heard from word of mouth heard from Jewish website Total a. Dichotomy group tabulated at value 1.